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כתבות אחרונות מאתר 'Phys'
Phys

Simple vineyard growing practice impacts soil microbiome deep below surface‎

Pennsylvania is the fourth-largest wine producer in the United States, according to the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture. The industry supports nearly 11,000 jobs and directly contributes $1.77 billion to the state economy annually. In an effort to produce more and better grapes at a lower cost and with less environmental impact, vineyard growers have increasingly planted grass between rows of vines. These groundcovers root shallowly, but can benefit vineyard soils and reduce the need for herbicide applications.

00:34
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Phys

How NASA's Artemis II mission rediscovered the majesty and mystery of the moon‎

On April 10, Artemis II—humanity's first mission to the moon in more than half a century—will draw to a close when the Orion capsule carrying four crew members detaches from its service module.

00:25
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Phys

African swine fever: A novel model assesses transmission between domestic pigs and wild boar‎

African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most devastating diseases affecting domestic pigs and wild boars worldwide. Since its introduction into Europe, this deadly virus has spread widely, threatening pig production and causing significant economic losses. Understanding the mechanisms of transmission between domestic pigs and wild boars is essential for developing effective control strategies. However, this has proven to be highly challenging—not only due to the multiple transmission pathways between animals and farms, but also because surveillance data on ASF in wild boar populations remain limited.

00:25
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Phys

Hidden ocean feedback loop could accelerate climate change‎

The world's oceans may be quietly amplifying climate change in ways scientists are only beginning to understand. In a new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, University of Rochester scientists—including Thomas Weber, an associate professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and graduate student Shengyu Wang and postdoctoral research associate Hairong Xu in Weber's lab—uncovered a key mechanism behind methane production in the open ocean. Their research indicates that this mechanism could intensify as the planet warms, providing an alarming feedback loop for global warming.

00:13
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Phys

AI diffusion models tailor drug molecules to custom-fit protein targets, speeding drug development and evaluation‎

University of Virginia School of Medicine scientists have developed a bold new approach to drug development and discovery that could dramatically accelerate the creation of new medicines. UVA's Nikolay V. Dokholyan, Ph.D., and colleagues have developed a suite of artificial intelligence-powered tools, called YuelDesign, YuelPocket and YuelBond, that work together to transform how new drugs are created. The centerpiece, YuelDesign, uses a cutting-edge form of AI called diffusion models to design new drug molecules tailored to fit their protein targets exactly, even accounting for the way proteins flex and shift shape during binding.

00:05
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Phys

Could we actually terraform Mars? A new scientific roadmap lays out the blueprint—and the risks‎

Reading the "Mars Trilogy" by Kim Stanley Robinson brings the benefits and pitfalls of efforts to terraform the red planet into sharp relief. Since the 1970s, when Carl Sagan first suggested the possibility that we could make Mars more Earth-like, that process has been a staple of science fiction. But there's always been a significant amount of humanity that thinks we shouldn't. A new paper posted to the arXiv preprint server by Edwin Kite of the University of Chicago and his co-authors skirts around the ethical and moral questions of whether we should and tries to take a long, hard look at whether we can.

00:05
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Phys

How an internal plant 'thermostat' guides root growth in unpredictable temperatures‎

Plants can't move to escape the heat like humans can; they are forced to adapt. As temperatures fluctuate, one key survival strategy is the ability of roots to keep growing, allowing plants to access water and nutrients farther away in the soil. But how do plants sense temperature and translate it into growth? Salk Institute scientists have uncovered a new answer in a familiar plant hormone: auxin. Their research appears in Nature Communications.

23:44
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Phys

Designing cities: Should we build from scratch or keep history alive?‎

Cities are often described as living archives of human memory. Walk through an old neighborhood in an Islamic city like Fez in Morocco or Cairo in Egypt, and you can see layers of history in its streets and buildings. Traces of the past remain visible in everyday life.

23:44
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Phys

Outside academia, people aren't well informed about Ph.D. research, and that's a problem‎

Around 1% of the global population has a Ph.D. It's the highest academic qualification, the result of years spent on original research. But—and this is a question that many Ph.D. students will have faced, at some time or another—what's the point?

23:25
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Phys

Carbon nanotube fiber sensors achieve record measurement error below 0.1%‎

Skoltech scientists, in collaboration with colleagues from China and Iran, have taken a major step toward creating highly precise carbon nanotube fiber (CNTF)-based sensors. In a paper published in the iScience journal, the authors, for the first time, quantitatively assessed the accuracy of CNTF sensors for dual-stage, i.e., manufacturing and post-manufacturing monitoring of epoxy-based polymer nanocomposites with dispersed CNTs.

23:25
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