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כתבות אחרונות מאתר 'Phys'
Phys

End of COVID-era SNAP emergency food assistance linked to increased child maltreatment rates‎

A new study has found that in U.S. counties that ended COVID-19 pandemic-era Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Emergency Allotments, child maltreatment rates went up. The findings from the study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine suggest that changes to food assistance programs have consequences that extend beyond food security and also affect child and family well-being.

06:32
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Phys

Optimistic climate futures for local communities in the UK imagined in a new report‎

A new report co-authored by researchers from the University of York and WWF highlights how local communities across the U.K. imagine positive, sustainable, and resilient futures for the places where they live and work.

05:02
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Phys

How the Indian Ocean is linked to Europe's early-winter rain and storms‎

When we think about Europe's winter weather, the Indian Ocean is probably not the first place we look. We might picture Atlantic storms, cold air arriving from the north or rain sweeping across the Mediterranean. In my research, however, I look at how these familiar weather systems fit into a much larger climate system. My colleagues and I asked whether an ocean thousands of kilometers away could leave a detectable signature on Europe's early winter.

03:31
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Phys

Atomic magnetism reveals why iron, but not chromium, can produce ammonia using sunlight‎

Two nearly identical materials have completely different chemical behavior. Research teams at the University of Vienna and TU Wien studied catalysts that use the energy of sunlight to produce ammonia. Surprisingly, when the three iron atoms that form tiny triangles in these catalysts are replaced by chromium atoms, the chemical reaction no longer takes place.

02:00
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Phys

The phantom lighthouse: New research explains one of Australia's strangest illusions‎

There are two lighthouses on Lady Elliot Island, at the southernmost tip of Australia's Great Barrier Reef. The first was built in 1873, but was decommissioned in 1995 when the second took over the job of warning ships off the reef. Visitors to the island, however, regularly report seeing signs of a third lighthouse. At night the beams of a nonexistent phantom lighthouse are seen far off, shining on the horizon.

02:00
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Phys

Ultrathin metal layer boosts spin-related signals, opening a door to ultralow-power electronics‎

Researchers at Kyushu University have found that an ultrathin layer of iridium manganese (IrMn) can improve two spin-related signals in a structure made of a magnetic insulator and a platinum film. By examining how spin currents are generated and absorbed, the team gained insights into how the intermediate layer improves spin transfer. The findings could inform the development of ultralow-power devices for computing and energy harvesting.

02:00
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Phys

Macromolecular crowding could help build artificial cell systems‎

Macromolecular crowding can serve as a design tool for controlling the formation and organization of synthetic DNA droplets, a study from Science Tokyo reveals. Researchers investigated this strategy using DNA nanostars and polymeric crowding agents to mimic the crowded cellular environment. They found that crowding promoted droplet formation and enabled control over droplet size, interactions and organization. The findings could support the development of programmable artificial cell systems.

02:00
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Phys

Q&A: Decoding the cell—a conversation with a computational biologist‎

Computational biologist Christina Leslie, Ph.D., has spent nearly two decades at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) building computational tools that help make sense of some of the most complex data in biology.

00:34
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Phys

Molecular architecture determines tomato plant resistance to its main pest‎

An international study investigating why wild tomatoes are more resistant to the tomato leafminer (Phthorimaea absoluta) than cultivated varieties revealed that the secret lies in the spatial structure of a plant defense molecule. The researchers mapped the biochemical origin of this difference and demonstrated that altering four amino acids in a single enzyme is sufficient to alter the structure of the substance and increase its toxicity against the pest. This finding paves the way for creating resistant tomatoes through gene editing.

00:34
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Phys

Explaining the difference between brittle and ductile behavior in polymer glasses‎

Glasses are (mostly) brittle, metals can be ductile (plastic), and liquids flow easily. Polymers are interesting because they exhibit all three types of behavior, depending on their chemical nature, temperature, and deformation rate. If polymers are not able to crystallize, their low-temperature state is glassy, and they are hard and transparent. One example is poly(methylmethacrylate) [PMMA], which has been used as an artificial glass since the early 20th century.

00:34
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