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כתבות אחרונות מאתר 'Phys'
Phys

New database enables comparative archaeological and historical urbanism‎

Archaeology offers an unparalleled material record of urban dynamics, spanning thousands of years and operating in varied environmental and cultural contexts. The diverse perspectives provided by the archaeological record can yield new insights into our global urban future, providing insights into urban responses to external and internal shocks and similarities or differences in urban form, population densities, socioeconomic organization, and spatial layouts between different traditions.

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Phys

Quantum Twins simulator unveils 15,000 controllable quantum dots for materials research‎

Researchers in Australia have unveiled the largest quantum simulation platform built to date, opening a new route to exploring the complex behavior of quantum materials at unprecedented scales.

21:02
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Phys

'Energy efficiency' proves key to how mountain birds adapt to changing environmental conditions‎

Research led by the University of East Anglia (UEA) sheds new light on how mountain birds adapt to changes in climate. Scientists know that species diversity changes as you go up a mountain, but it is not clearly understood why this is the case. One theory is that it is mostly because of long-term evolution, and the climate niches species have adapted to over millions of years. Another—the "energy efficiency" hypothesis—suggests it is about how species today manage their energy budgets and compete for available resources that vary in space and time.

21:02
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Phys

Watching a critical green-energy catalyst dissolve, atom by atom‎

Iridium oxide is one of the most important—and most problematic—materials in the global push toward clean energy. It is currently the most reliable catalyst used in the conversion of energy to chemicals by electrolysis, a process that uses electricity to split water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen.

21:02
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Phys

Study reveals microscopic origins of surface noise limiting diamond quantum sensors‎

A new theoretical study led by researchers at the University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory has identified the microscopic mechanisms by which diamond surfaces affect the quantum coherence of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers—defects in diamond that underpin some of today's most sensitive quantum sensors. The study has appeared in Physical Review Materials and was selected to be an Editors' Suggestion paper.

21:02
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Phys

Compound in 500-million-year-old fossils sheds new light on Earth's carbon cycle‎

A UT San Antonio-led international research team has identified chitin, the primary organic component of modern crab shells and insect exoskeletons, in trilobite fossils more than 500 million years old, marking the first confirmed detection of the molecule in this extinct group.

21:02
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Phys

The surprising power of a tiny, disordered protein in a mitochondrial supercomplex‎

For decades, scientists assumed that order drives efficiency. Yet in the bustling machinery of mitochondria—the organelles that crank out adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the universal "energy currency" of cells—one of the most enigmatic components is a protein that appears anything but orderly.

21:02
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Phys

Aerobic respiration began hundreds of millions of years earlier than previously thought, study suggests‎

Oxygen is a vital and constant presence on Earth today. But that hasn't always been the case. It wasn't until around 2.3 billion years ago that oxygen became a permanent fixture in the atmosphere, during a pivotal period known as the Great Oxidation Event (GOE), which set the evolutionary course for oxygen-breathing life as we know it today. A new study by MIT researchers suggests some early forms of life may have evolved the ability to use oxygen hundreds of millions of years before the GOE. The findings may represent some of the earliest evidence of aerobic respiration on Earth.

21:02
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Phys

New 3D method maps Paleolithic engravings at submillimeter resolution‎

A team of archaeologists from the Universitat Jaume I, the University of Barcelona, and the Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) has developed a new methodology that allows for a much more detailed, precise, and objective analysis of Late Paleolithic portable art pieces. Thanks to this study, the research team was able to review several previously published pieces from Matutano Cave (Vilafamés), a reference site in the Iberian Mediterranean, with greater accuracy and demonstrate that some of the marks previously interpreted as artistic motifs are not anthropic engravings but natural surface reliefs.

21:02
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Phys

Self-assembling 'bundlemers' could reshape next-generation protein-based materials‎

Proteins are the building blocks of life. These biomolecules comprise chains of amino acids that fold into precise shapes to perform specific jobs in nature. But these elegant structures form only under narrow pH and temperature conditions, a property dictated by billions of years of evolution that has limited efforts to develop synthetic, protein-based advanced materials.

21:02
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